What primary function does the pectoralis major flap serve in surgery?

The primary function of the pectoralis major flap in surgery is soft tissue coverage. This flap is utilized for reconstructive purposes because it provides a robust and versatile source of muscle and skin. The pectoralis major muscle is well-vascularized, allowing for effective healing and integration with surrounding tissues when mobilized for use in various surgical procedures.

In surgeries requiring soft tissue coverage, such as after tumor resection or in cases of traumatic wounds, the pectoralis major flap can be strategically positioned to replace lost or damaged tissue. Its size and the ability to reshape it provide adequate coverage, which is essential for achieving optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes in reconstructive surgery.

This flap is not primarily used for bone regeneration, structural support for fractures, or neural repair; rather, its main role is to restore the integrity of the soft tissue envelope, making it a critical component in surgical reconstructions.