What is the primary complication following rigid internal fixation (RIF) of a mandible fracture?

The primary complication following rigid internal fixation (RIF) of a mandible fracture is malocclusion. RIF is employed to stabilize fractures in a way that allows for proper alignment and healing of the bone while enabling function. However, one of the significant risks associated with this treatment is that improper alignment of the fractured fragments during the fixation process can lead to malocclusion.

Malocclusion arises when the teeth do not come together in their normal relationship after the fracture is healed, which can result from any misalignment during the surgery or even from changes during the healing process. This complication can lead not only to aesthetic concerns but also functional issues, including difficulties with chewing and speaking.

In this scenario, ensuring proper dental occlusion requires precise surgical technique and careful consideration of tooth position during the fixation process, making it a primary concern in post-operative evaluation. While infection, nerve damage, and nonunion are also serious complications that can occur following mandible fracture treatment, malocclusion is specifically linked to the technique and outcomes of rigid internal fixation.